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Water Hygenie and Sanitation Issues Of Pakistan

University turns into evacuation center, with creative solutions from students

University turns into evacuation center, with creative solutions from students

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12:30 pm | Saturday, December 24th, 2011
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ILIGAN CITY, Philippines — The biggest evacuation center here may be running like a well-oiled machine but the fuel driving it is the kindness of strangers, officials of the Mindanao State University-Iligan Institute of Technology (MSU-IIT) said.

Tending to the needs of more than 2,000 families, the MSU-IIT evacuation center for victims of Tropical Storm “Sendong”  began as a happy accident, springing from a single act of generosity that took on a life of its own.

It all started at about 7 a.m. on that fateful Saturday, December 17, merely hours after Sendong wreaked havoc across the city, when 100 bedraggled villagers, still dripping mud, some naked and shivering from the cold, knocked on the gates of the university and begged for a place to stay.

School officials, responding out of instinct, welcomed the sorry-looking lot, not realizing at the time that they were about to start something big.

“It’s the natural thing to do when you see people in distress,” Chancellor Sukarno D. Tanggol said, recalling the moment he received a call from his subordinates asking whether they should open the gates.

His instant reply, he said, was yes, unwittingly setting in motion the creation of what would become the largest evacuation center in this coastal city of 300,000 people.

“If they had come to us at the height of the storm, we would have opened the gates that very hour,” Tanggol said in an interview.

The 100 villagers were first housed in one of the school buildings.

They were allowed to wash themselves in the bathrooms. They were given clean clothes, fed hot porridge to tide them over, and provided blankets and beddings to rest their weary souls.

The school officials thought that was the end of it.

Soon, however, more victims, in varying states of misery, came knocking at the door, having heard by word of mouth that the university was accepting evacuees.

At first, they arrived in trickles, then in families and large groups, and sometimes, entire neighborhoods.

Among them was Maribel Lagrada, 40, a housewife from Puro 2-B in Barangay (village) Santiago, who recalled how she, her husband and four grown children had gone up to MSU-IIT to ask for shelter.

“I was almost naked. A barangay watchman gave me a shirt to cover myself up. My daughter who was 8 months pregnant was also naked. We were all still wet from the mud when we came,” she said, now appearing healthy, clean and well-fed.

Lagrada and her family members had been swept away at the height of Sendong by the swirling waters that surged out of the Mandulog River overlooking the settlement where they lived.

As they bobbed their heads over the violent water, her children and Lagrada could only call out to each other in the dark, she said.

“I heard them shout, ‘Bye-bye, Ma’,” she said. “We had no hope of living through that,” she said, tears welling up in her eyes.

Fortunately for the family, Lagrada said, all of them, including her two pregnant daughters, made it through the morning when the flood subsided.

In the chaos that followed and against a bleak landscape of demolished houses and uprooted trees, she said they soon realized they had nowhere to go.

“Our feet just took us here,” she recalled.

“We couldn’t turn them away,” said Ernesto Empig, dean of computer studies at MSU-IIT, who oversees day-to-day operations at the gymnasium that now houses over 10,000 residents of neighboring villages displaced by the great flood.

“We’re an academic institution. It was never our plan to put up an evacuation center. Everything was spontaneous. As more people came, we realized we had to do our part,” he said.

When the Philippine Daily Inquirer visited MSU-IIT, a large sprawling campus with about 12,000 students enrolled, on Wednesday, already 2,281 families were registered at the evacuation center, staying in the multi-purpose gymnasium. The number was expected to rise, Empig said.

The evacuees were clustered in informal groupings according to village. They put up plywood barriers between clusters on the floor of the gym as well as the bleachers on the side. There was a flurry of activity in the gym, with the residents sweeping the floors, washing clothes, eating or just lying around.

There’s a self-policing policy with a leader appointed for each cluster, and the occupants were expected to take care of their own, Empig said.

At first, people were asked to queue up for food, but later the student volunteers realized the wisdom of distributing food by cluster.

“It was a great idea. Now they don’t have to line up three times a day,” Empig said.

Breakfast is usually just coffee and bread or biscuits, while lunch and dinner consist of rice, vegetables and meat or fish, depending on what’s available.

“It’s nothing fancy. Our goal is to make sure no one goes hungry,” Empig said.

Donations come from all over, he said. “When people heard that we’re the biggest evacuation center, they just started sending goods – food, beddings, and so on.”

“One student from the boarding house came in with a plastic bag of sardine cans,” Empig said.

“It’s very touching to see the outpouring of support from all over Iligan,” he added, citing donations from local private companies, non-governmental organizations, and in many cases, individuals who only wished to help.

Soon, the Department of Health and the Department of Social Work and Development got in on the action, sending personnel and more supplies, after word got out about the thousands streaming into MSU-IIT.

Empig said the student volunteers were showing great initiative in the operation of the center. “A lot of the organizational matters I leave to them. They have many ideas about how to improve our operations,” he said.

Unlike most other places, where the smell of bodies in close quarters can be overpowering, there’s no foul smell in the gym, as the evacuees wash and relieve themselves in four toilets servicing the center.

Portable toilets were also recently pledged and were set to arrive soon.

“We started a contest among the clusters: the cleanest cluster gets a reward such as extra food,” Empig said. This, he added, was another idea courtesy of the students.

But Empig said challenges remained.

“What we really need is facilities to house them. Food comes aplenty. We have clothes coming in. There’s supply of water. But we can’t accommodate everyone in the gym,” he said.

He noted that some of the evacuees had resorted to sleeping on the grass lawns outside the gym, which should accommodate only 3,500 persons but where 10,000 people were now crammed.

Tanggol, the chancellor, said the MSU-IIT evacuation center would continue operating for as long as the residents had nowhere to stay.

But he urged the local government to start immediately what promises to be a massive relocation effort for the displaced villagers. The target, Tanggol said, was to find a new place for the evacuees before classes resume in January.

source; http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/116675/university-turns-into-evacuation-center-with-creative-solutions-from-students

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December 25, 2011 at 4:21 am Comments (0)

Low cost and high speed nanotechnology water filter for developing world

Low cost and high speed nanotechnology water filter for developing world

Posted on 01. Sep, 2010 by Allen Smith in Technology

Low cost and high speed nanotechnology water filter for developing world

US researchers say they have developed a high-speed water filter that uses nanotechnology and comes at low. The new water filter they say could well be a perfect water-filteringsolution for the developing world.

Researchers at Stanford University have used plain cotton cloth dipped in a solution of silver nanowires as well as carbon nanotubes to make a filter that actually kills than filters the harmful micro organisms.

Most water filters filter or trap the microbes but the new filter which is a charged cloth(ions of silver and carbon) allows the micro organsims through, but they will not be virulent enough to cause health threat as the filter had killed them before letting them pass through with the water.

The electrical field that is present in the high-conduction nano-coated (silver and carbon) cotton generates as much as 20 volts of electric field that can kill all water-borne microbes. Under lab conditions, the filter had killed more than 98 percent of E. coli bacteria. The filter was made 2.5-inch thickness by taking several layers of fabric.

Yi Cui, Associate Professor, Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, says that the new treatment to make the water safe and potable can be used in remote places where people have no access to chlorine or other modes of water treatment. Yi says that the water filtering rate can also be increased by having large-sized pores.

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December 12, 2011 at 1:38 pm Comments (0)

iodine deficiency control

Govt urged to enforce bill of iodine deficiency control

By  – Dec 2nd, 2011 (No Comment)

Islamabad: National Alliance on Protection and Promotion of Breastfeeding & Iodine Deficiency Disorders Control met today and demanded to immediately pass the bill of iodine deficiency control.

The alliance urged the government to initiate the legislative process on IDD control bill in parliament and take necessary actions to enforce Breastfeeding law 2002 in true spirit. There has been rampant violation of the breastfeeding law since it is implemented.

The National Alliance on Breastfeeding and Iodine Deficiency Disorders (IDD) met to discuss and strategize campaign for enforcement of Protection of Breastfeeding law, 2009 and to advocate government for IDD control bill to be tabled before parliament to formally pass it.

The alliance members expressed their deep concerns over the enforcement of Breastfeeding law 2002 and the delay in enactment of IDD Control bill 2009 which is still pending with the Cabinet Division.

The IDD Control Bill 2009 has been vetted by all provincial assemblies and other stakeholders including relevant government departments. The bill is looking forward for a formal push to actuate it from Parliament.

The members of alliance called it an emergency situation for protection of breastfeeding and IDD control in Pakistan and urged to expedite the process of enactment of IDD legislation and stringent measures for enforcement of BF law.

The National Alliance on BF and IDD consists of over a dozen civil society organisations including UN agencies UNICEF, World Food Program (WFP) and APNA, NRSP, SANGI, Plan International Pakistan, and GAIN etc.  TheNetwork for Consumer Protection, having a history of two decades of efforts to protect and promote breastfeeding in Pakistan holds the secretariat of alliance.

It is not sufficient to mere enact and implement laws but need to ensure the enforcement in an ample manner, said Nadeem Iqbal, Executive Coordinator TheNetwork for Consumer Protection, the secretariat of national alliance.

 

Startling facts from TheNetwork’s recent study reveal the absence of iodized salt quality monitoring and checks on regular basis at market level. There are also gaps in the monitoring mechanisms and control marketing levels. There is need for an appropriate legislation and enforcement mechanisms in country.

On the other hand, a study on monitoring the implementation of BF ordinance in selected hospitals of twin cities by TheNetwork unveil that 87% doctors of Rawalpindi and Islamabad remain unaware of the existence of BF law 2002 and 81% are not aware that Infant formula container are legally required to label their designated products under law. The poor enforcement mechanisms dismay the situation and provide a room to violators.

Iodine deficiency is a major public health problem in Pakistan and is a threat to the social and economic development of the country. Every year in Pakistan, around 200,000 (two million) are born mentally deficient due to Iodine Deficiency during pregnancy. Pakistan is already lagging behind its progress towards achieving Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) 2015. Country direly needs to prioritize the enforcement of BF law 2002 and accelerate the process to promulgate the IDD control bill in the best interest of future generations of Pakistan.

 

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December 4, 2011 at 3:28 pm Comments (0)

Experts call for Kabul-Islamabad water treaty

Water seminar: Experts call for Kabul-Islamabad water treaty

Published: November 2, 2011

Lack of water security and dwindling supplies could fuel future conflicts, experts warn.

ISLAMABAD: For a country whose water availability per capita has plummeted by 78.4% over the past six decades, Pakistan needs to plan aggressively to avoid threats to food security that may arise due to water disputes, said participants at a seminar on Tuesday.

A key recommendation for that is to sit with Afghanistan and chalk out a plan to enter into a water treaty between the two countries, water experts said while addressing a conference titled ‘Regional Water Governance: Facing Scarcity, Enhancing Cooperation’ organised by Leadership for Environment and Development (LEAD) Pakistan and funded by the French Embassy.

Sit with Kabul

Former federal secretary of water and power Ashfaq Mahmood said it was the right time for Islamabad to sit with Kabul and form a water treaty or else it will be too late.

In the past, Pakistan did try to bring Afghanistan to the negotiating table to chalk out some mechanism to ensure a win-win situation for both the countries, Mahmood said.

But the Kabul administration excused itself by saying it was working to frame its own national water policy and it was not possible to initiate talks until that policy is complete, he said.

Capacity-building

One of the suggestions at the conference was to carry out a capacity audit of water-related institutions. It was proposed that an institution like the Indus River System Authority (Irsa) be set up for Pakistan and Afghanistan to deal with water issues.

“We need to have people in Pakistan and Afghanistan who say: ‘This is our river, not yours, not mine’,” said former Wapda chairman Shamsul Mulk. In the field of water, “sub-optimality is not an option,” he said.

Speaking at the conference, CEO LEAD Pakistan Ali Tauqeer Sheikh said that a water treaty between Pakistan and Afghanistan is extremely necessary to avoid future conflicts. The Pakistani civil society has a role to play in the process, he said, adding that the country “need[s] to develop a water security management plan and train the next generation of water diplomats and leaders.”

Sheikh was seconded by adviser on climate affairs Dr Qamaruz Zaman Chaudhry who said that public awareness was needed to underscore the importance of conservation and sustainable use of water resources.

Frederic Bessat, from the French Embassy, encouraged the experts to think about a possible “joint, multi-disciplinary, scientific fact-finding working group” on Pak-Afghan cooperation.

The consensus at the seminar was that Pakistan should push Afghanistan to form a water treaty, not only to avoid future water conflicts but also to draw on alternatives if Indus supplies fall short.

Experts said that Pakistan’s great concerns right now should be the lack of water security, which is adversely affecting its people and economy.

Published in The Express Tribune, November 2nd, 2011.

 


November 3, 2011 at 9:00 am Comments (0)

Right to water and sanitation: new UN resolution supports sustainable service delivery approach

New post on Sanitation Updates

Right to water and sanitation: new UN resolution supports sustainable service delivery approach

by dietvorst

A new resolution passed by the UN Human Rights Council at its 18th session calls on states to ensure enough financing for sustainable delivery of water and sanitation services. Passed by consensus on 28 September 2011, resolution A/HRC/RES/18/1 has taken last year’s landmark decision [1] to recognise the right to water and sanitation as legally binding in international law, a step further.

 

Catarina de Albuquerque. Photo: OHCHR

The new resolution is based on ongoing efforts by UN Special Rapporteur Catarina de Albuquerque to get states to go beyond Millennium Development Goals and strive for universal service provision.

States should maximise investments so that:

water and sanitation systems are sustainable and that services are affordable for everyone, while ensuring that allocated resources are not limited to infrastructure, but also include resources for regulatory activities, operation and maintenance, the institutional and managerial structure and structural measures, including increasing capacity

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October 26, 2011 at 9:30 am Comments (0)

Technology Solutions to Global Water Challenges

THE WORLD BANK

Working for a World Free of Poverty

NEWS RELEASE

 

News Release

2012/121/SDN

‘WaterHackathon’ to Find Technology Solutions to Global Water Challenges

WASHINGTON, October 20, 2011 – Computer programmers, designers, and other information technology specialists convened by the World Bank Group and technology partners at NASA, Google, Hewlett Packard, Microsoft, and Yahoo! will compete for 48 hours in cities around the world this weekend to develop new application software, or apps, that solve water and sanitation challenges in developing countries.

 

 

 

Water is essential to sustain life and economic development, yet the number of people without access to clean water and sanitation remains daunting.

- 2.6 billion people lack access to sanitation

- Nearly one billion live without access to safe drinking water

Lack of safe water and adequate sanitation is the world s single largest cause of illness, responsible for two million deaths a year that s four people every minute most of them children. More children die of diarrhea than of AIDs, malaria, and TB combined.

The first ever global WaterHackathon follows the model set by Random Hacks of Kindness(RHoK), a partnership among these same organizations, in which subject matter experts and local stakeholders submit problem definitions which are then tackled by volunteer software developers who use the latest technology tools to create innovative solutions. The first RHoK event in November 2009 gave rise to applications such as I m Ok! and Tweak the Tweet, which were used in emergency response operations following the 2010 Haiti earthquake.

The sustainable management of water resources has also acquired a new urgency in the face of a global population expected to reach 9 billion by 2050, increased food demands, and increased hydrological variability caused by climate change.

- Irrigation produces around half of the world’s food and accounts for about three quarters of water withdrawals worldwide.

- Water scarcity will affect at least 30% of the world’s population in 2050.

- Climate change exacerbates flood and drought challenges as it makes water resources harder to manage, and increases risk and uncertainty.

WaterHackathon will take place simultaneously in nine locations, including, among others, Bangalore, Lagos, Lima, Nairobi, and Washington, DC.

The general public is invited to follow the event live on Twitter at #waterhack.

Water is at the heart of some of the world’s most pressing development challenges. At the intersection of technology and consumer-related data, we are seeing new opportunities to create and effectively use non-traditional solutions. Are we really taking full advantage of now-ubiquitous mobile phones, mobile internet access, and social media tools to transform inclusion, citizen participation, and transparency in water management and services? Are we using open data to full practical advantage? It is in search of such non-traditional solutions that the World Bank is launching the WaterHackathon,” said Jose Luis Irigoyen, World Bank Director for Transport, Water, and Information and Communication Technologies.

“WaterHackathon represents a natural intersection of two focus areas of NASA’s Open Government Initiative – open data and open source,” said Nicholas Skytland, Program Manager of NASA’s Open Government Initiative. “This collaborative project enables us to provide data resources to the water sector and the developer community as they create applications that address some of the world’s most urgent water crises.”

HP is committed to applying our technology, expertise, and dedicated volunteers to support and contribute to the prosperity of people and communities around the world,” said Marlon Evans, Office of Global Social Innovation, Hewlett-Packard Company. ”We are proud to partner with the World Bank and Random Hacks of Kindness in their efforts to solve today s water problems.”

Microsoft is delighted to see the growth and continuation of the Random Hacks of Kindness model,” said Patrick Svenburg, Director of Developer & Platform Evangelism at Microsoft. “The chance to bring together subject matter experts around water and sanitation with software developers from all around the world is a unique opportunity to create open solutions that will directly affect the quality of life of people, perhaps even safe lives.”

“We are very excited to see the Water Hackathon taking off as one of the first Random Hacks of Kindness Community Events,” said Christiaan Adams, a Developer Advocate with Google.org’s Crisis Response Team.

 

 

 

Among the speakers at WaterHackathon is Jeff Martin, founder and CEO of Tribal Brands and Tribal Technologies, which created the first intelligent database behind mobile applications that predicts consumer behaviors and interactions. “Today, far more of the world’s population has access to a cell signal than safe drinking water,” he said. “What we need now is a marriage of digital convergence to solve this problem – where mobile phones and apps help bridge this incomprehensible gap in a way desktop computers never did.”

Contacts:

In Washington: Karolina Ordon, +1 (202) 458-5971kordon@worldbank.org

Christopher Walsh, (202) 473-4594cwalsh@worldbank.org;

For Broadcast Requests: Natalia Cieslik, (202) 458-9369ncieslik@worldbank.org

For more information, please visit: www.WaterHackathon.org

Visit us on Facebook: http://www.facebook.com/worldbank

Be updated via Twitter: http://www.twitter.com/wspworldbank

For our YouTube channel: http://www.youtube.com/watersanitation

 

 

 

 

 

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October 20, 2011 at 7:18 pm Comments (0)

global forum on sanitation and hygiene , Bombay

New post on Sanitation Updates

Chief Rapporteur Barbara Evans on the highlights from the Global Forum on Sanitation and Hygiene

by dietvorst

Barbara Evans, chief rapporteur at WSSCC’s Global Forum, discusses the world’s sanitation challenges, themes from the conference, and highlights a couple of inspirational presentations.

 

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October 15, 2011 at 10:36 pm Comments (0)

cost of inadequate sanitation in Bangladesh

WSP Header

Inadequate Sanitation Costs Bangladesh the Equivalent of 6.3 Percent of GDP in 2007

_____________________________________________________________________

2011 Oct 6 – Washington DC — Inadequate sanitation causes Bangladesh economic losses totaling US$ 4.22 billion (Taka 30,000 crore) each year. This is equivalent to 6.3 percent of the country’s GDP in 2007, according to a new report published by the Water and Sanitation Program (WSP), a multi-donor partnership administered by the World Bank.

The report, The Economic Impacts of Inadequate Sanitation in Bangladesh, is based on evidence on the adverse economic impacts of inadequate sanitation, which include costs associated with death and disease, accessing and treating water, and losses in education, productivity and time. The findings are based on 2007 figures, although a similar magnitude of losses is likely in later years.

The report shows that losses due to premature mortality and other health-relatedimpacts of poor sanitation total about US$ 3.56 billion (Taka 25,000 crore) (84.3 percent of total economic impacts). This is followed by productive time lost to access sanitation facilities or sites for defecation at US$ 454 million (Taka 3,000 crore) (10.8 percent), and drinking water-related impacts at US$ 207 million (Taka 1,500 crore) (4.9 percent).

Ninety-five percent of the premature mortality-related economic losses are due to deaths and diseases among children under five. Diarrhea among these children accounts for US$ 1.46 billion (Taka 10,000 crore) (40.9 percent) of all health-related economic impacts.

In Bangladesh, diarrhea is the largest contributor to health-related economic impacts resulting from poor sanitation, amounting to two-thirds of the total health-related impacts. This is followed by acute lower respiratory infections, which account for about 15 percent of all health-related impacts.

Poor households are the biggest victims of inadequate sanitation. They experience about 71 percent of the total economic impact of inadequate sanitation.

“Over the last decade Bangladesh has emerged as a global reference point in experimenting and implementing innovative approaches to rural sanitation. Community Led Total Sanitation, which started in Bangladesh, has now been implemented all over the world. Bangladesh’s basic sanitation coverage rose from 33.2 percent in 2003 to 80.4 percent in 2009. This report shows that despite great success, much can still be done in the sanitation sector in Bangladesh”, said Ellen Goldstein, Country Director for World Bank in Bangladesh.

The losses caused by poor sanitation exceed Bangladesh’s national development budget for 2007–2008 by 33 percent. “The total amount of these losses is five times higher than the national health budget, and three times higher than the national education budget in 2007

Similar studies carried out in East Asia and India indicated annual per capita losses in the range of US$ 9.3 in Vietnam, US$ 16.8 in the Philippines, US$ 28.6 in Indonesia, US$ 32.4 in Cambodia and US$ 48.0 in India,” said Christopher Juan Costain, Regional Team Leader for WSP in South Asia. “Bangladesh lost US$ 29.6 per capita, which demonstrates the urgency of improving sanitation in the country.”

The report underlines that substantial investments are needed to improve sanitation. The Government of Bangladesh has made significant investments towards implementing its “Sanitation for all by 2013” programs. The rising trend in the Government’s budgetary allocation to sanitation indicates a strong commitment to the goals of the sanitation programs.

The report shows that sanitation and hygiene improvements will reduce premature deaths and related morbidity, eliminate domestic water-related costs, reduce absenteeism at schools and workplaces, and improve welfare and productivity.

As a result of comprehensive efforts to improve the level of sanitation, the report estimates a potential gain of about US$ 2.26 billion (Taka 16,000 crore).

The report follows a WSP study published in 2007 on the economic impacts of sanitation in Southeast Asia, a part of the Global Economics of Sanitation Initiative.

 

Download Full Document

 

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October 6, 2011 at 5:59 pm Comments (0)

drinking water-sargodha

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October 2, 2011 at 2:57 pm Comments (0)

Ist proposed research report , MS environment students

Hear is a proposed title for a research report at masters level in Pakistan,

Read carefully and discuss with group members (three), Pakistans national drinking water policy at the given link and search more. http://www.crcp.org.pk/PDF%20Files/National_DrinkingWater_Policy.pdf

1. basic properties of a policy

2. strong points of the policy

3. weak points of the policy

4. connections with related documents

5. Targets for MDGs and national level

6. what impact it wll have if implemented

7. your real assessment of the document

Time . three months

submit report and present results

Total grades 25 marks to wards final score

write your comments and issues on this web and have seniors opinion

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September 1, 2011 at 10:47 pm Comments (0)

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